Question: 11 -

What will be the output of the program?

class Test 
{
    public static void main(String [] args) 
    {
        Test p = new Test();
        p.start();
    }

    void start() 
    {
        boolean b1 = false;
        boolean b2 = fix(b1);
        System.out.println(b1 + " " + b2);
    }

    boolean fix(boolean b1) 
    {
        b1 = true;
        return b1;
    }
}

true false

true true

false true

false false

Answer:

false true

Solution:

The boolean b1 in the fix() method is a different boolean than the b1 in the start() method. The b1 in the start() method is not updated by the fix() method.

Question: 12 -

What will be the output of the program?

class PassA 
{
    public static void main(String [] args) 
    {
        PassA p = new PassA();
        p.start();
    }

    void start() 
    {
        long [] a1 = {3,4,5};
        long [] a2 = fix(a1);
        System.out.print(a1[0] + a1[1] + a1[2] + " ");
        System.out.println(a2[0] + a2[1] + a2[2]);
    }

    long [] fix(long [] a3) 
    {
        a3[1] = 7;
        return a3;
    }
}

3 4 5 3 7 5

3 7 5 3 7 5

12 15

15 15

Answer:

15 15

Solution:

The reference variables a1 and a3 refer to the same long array object. When the [1] element is updated in the fix() method, it is updating the array referred to by a1. The reference variable a2 refers to the same array object.

So Output: 3+7+5+" "3+7+5

Output: 15 15 Because Numeric values will be added

Question: 13 -

What will be the output of the program?

class Test 
{
    public static void main(String [] args) 
    {
        int x= 0;
        int y= 0;
        for (int z = 0; z < 5; z++) 
        {
            if (( ++x > 2 ) && (++y > 2)) 
            {
                x++;
            }
        }
        System.out.println(x + " " + y);
    }
}

6 3

53

5 2

64

Answer:

6 3

Solution:

In the first two iterations x is incremented once and y is not because of the short circuit && operator. In the third and forth iterations x and y are each incremented, and in the fifth iteration x is doubly incremented and y is incremented.

Question: 14 -

What will be the output of the program?

class PassS 
{
    public static void main(String [] args) 
    {
        PassS p = new PassS();
        p.start();
    }

    void start() 
    {
        String s1 = "slip";
        String s2 = fix(s1);
        System.out.println(s1 + " " + s2);
    }

    String fix(String s1) 
    {
        s1 = s1 + "stream";
        System.out.print(s1 + " ");
        return "stream";
    }
}

stream slip stream

slip stream

slipstream slip stream

slipstream stream

Answer:

slipstream slip stream

Solution:

When the fix() method is first entered, start()'s s1 and fix()'s s1 reference variables both refer to the same String object (with a value of "slip"). Fix()'s s1 is reassigned to a new object that is created when the concatenation occurs (this second String object has a value of "slipstream"). When the program returns to start(), another String object is created, referred to by s2 and with a value of "stream".

Question: 15 -

What will be the output of the program?

class Test 
{
    public static void main(String [] args) 
    {
        int x=20;
        String sup = (x < 15) ? "small" : (x < 22)? "tiny" : "huge";
        System.out.println(sup);
    }
}

Compilation fails

tiny

huge

small

Answer:

tiny

Solution:

This is an example of a nested ternary operator. The second evaluation (x < 22) is true, so the "tiny" value is assigned to sup.