Question: 6 -

The ratio of income of two workers A and B are 3: 4. The ratio of expenditure of A and B is 2: 3 and each saves Rs 200. Find the income of A and B.

800, 1000

600, 900

500, 600

600, 800

Answer:

600, 800

Solution:

Let the income of A = 3x, B = 4x
Expenditure ratio = 2: 3
Saving in each case = 200

Apply formula:

Income- expenditure = saving
Or, income- saving = expenditure
Now,
[3x- 200]/ [4x- 200] = 2/3
Or, 9x -600 = 8x - 400
Or, x= 200

Income of A = 3 * 200 = 600
Income of B = 4 * 200 = 800

Question: 7 -

The ratio of the salary of A and B, one year ago is 3: 2. The ratio of original salary to the increased salary of A is 2: 3 and that of B is 3: 4. The total present salary of A and B together is Rs. 21500. Find the salary of B.

6000

8000

9000

7000

Answer:

8000

Solution:

The initial ratio of A and B is 3: 2

Increased salary of A is 2: 3 that means if it was 2 then it becomes 3.
i.e., if it was 2, it becomes 3
Or, 1 becomes 3/2
But the A's ratio was 3, so we have to calculate for 3
3 becomes (3/2) * 3 = 9/2 = 4.5
Similarly, B?s increase is 3: 4
3 becomes 4
Or, 1 becomes 4/3
But the B's ratio was 2, so we have to calculate for 2
i.e., 2 become (4/3)* 2 = 8/3

That means if the old ratio of A: B = 3: 2
Then the new ratio of A: B = 4.5: 8/3
So, the new ratio of A: B = 13.5: 8
Now, the salary of B = (B's share/ Sum of ratios)* total salary
Hence, the salary of B = (8/21.5) * 21500 = 8000

Question: 8 -

The ratio of the expenditure of Pervez, Sunny, and Ashu are 16: 12: 9 respectively and their savings are 20%, 25%, 40% of their income. The sum of the income is Rs 1530, find Sunny's salary.

480

200

420

300

Answer:

480

Solution:

Let the income of Pervez = x, then the saving = 20x/100
Income of Sunny = y, then the saving = 25y/100
Income of Ashu = z, then the saving = 40z/100

Apply formula

Income - saving = Expenditure

x- 20x/100 = 16
Or, 80x=1600
Or, x = 20

y - 25y/ 100 = 12
Or, 75y/100 = 12
Or, y = 1200/75 = 16

z - 40z/ 100 = 9
Or, 60z/100 = 9
Or, z =15

Now, the ratio of Pervez: Sunny: Ashu = 20: 16: 15 = 51
But ATQ, it is 1530
When 51 is multiplied with 30, we get 1530
So, Sunny's salary = 16* 30 = 480.

Question: 9 -

The ratio of the total amount distributed in all the males and females as salary is 6: 5. The ratio of the salary of each male and female is 2: 3. Find the ratio of the no. of males and females.

9:5

7:5

5:9

5:7

Answer:

9:5

Solution:

The total salary of males: the total salary of females = 6:5
The salary of each male: salary of each female = 2:3

To find the number of men and women, divide the total salary of males and females by salary of each male and female.
i.e., 6/2: 5/3
Or, 18: 10 = 9: 5
So, the ratio of the number of males and females = 9:5

Question: 10 -

The number of employees is reduced in the ratio 3: 2 and the salary of each employee are increased in the ratio 4: 5. By doing so, the company saves Rs. 12000. What was the initial expenditure on the salary?

60000

72000

62000

50000

Answer:

72000

Solution:

                                                       Initial: Final
ATQ, the number of employees:        3   :   2
The salary of each employee:             4   :   5
Then the expenditure will be:   4*3 = 12:   2*5 = 10
12 (initial expenditure): 10 (final expenditure)
Or, if the final expenditure = 10, that means the initial expenditure was 12.
We can say that the total expenditure reduced by = 12-10 =2units
Or, 2 units = 12000 (as it is given that 12000 is saved by the company)
So, 1 unit = 6000
Now, the initial expenditure on salary = 12 units *6000 = Rs.72000
[12 comes from ratio 12: 10 where 12 indicates initial expenditure and 10 final expenditure]